How to Tell the Difference Between Sinus Issues and Allergies

Your nose is more than just a breathing and swelling sensory organ; it also moistens, filters, oxygenates, and warms the air coming into your body. Your paranasal sinuses play a vital role in this system of passages connecting the nasal airways, which filter air as it enters, regulate air temperature, and protect against facial trauma.

Sadly, a lot of things can irritate and cause infections in your sinuses, and the signs of many of these illnesses are similar enough to be confused with one another. Issues with sinusitis (sinus infection) and allergies, for example, share many overlapping symptoms but require different treatments. Let’s help you figure out which one you’re dealing with and help you recover.

Lake Oswego, Oregon, residents suffering from sinus problems, whether it's infections or allergies, can find help with the medical team at Lake Grove ENT.

Defining sinusitis and allergies

Sinusitis, the inflammation of the sinus tissue lining, comes from several bacterial and viral illnesses that can be either acute (short-lasting), subacute (lasting up to 12 weeks), or chronic (long-lasting or recurring). Conditions such as the common cold, influenza (also known as the flu), pneumococcal disease, and Haemophilus influenzae (which can cause bronchitis) all exhibit signs of sinusitis.

Allergies are the body’s aberrant response to allergens, generally harmless foreign substances misinterpreted as a threat that create histamines and cause allergic reactions. Allergens can come from a multitude of sources, including pet dander, dust, mold, pollen, and ragweed. The response to these allergens is known as allergic rhinitis, which is similar to sinusitis.

Differences between them

Aside from stemming from different causes, allergies are more complicated than sinus infections, as constant exposure to allergens creates ongoing issues that persist until they’re removed. Broadly speaking, sinus infections stem from a virus or bacteria, and even if you don’t get prescription medications, many go away on their own.

Watery eyes and sneezing typically occur in allergies, while fever and fatigue are more common in severe sinusitis. Different types of sinus infections also come with various colors of mucus (often yellow and green), intense facial pressure, and a reduced ability to smell and taste.

Prevention and treatment

Treatment options for both types of illnesses also vary. We treat allergies by reducing symptoms or helping build immunity to the allergen. Decongestants and antihistamines are common, and steroids help reduce inflammation. Immunotherapy works to create resistance to allergens and requires an allergy test to confirm the allergen, followed by allergy shots.

Because sinus infections typically resolve over time, we treat symptoms and weaken the bacteria or virus in your system with medications. We treat sinusitis with methods such as antibacterial or antibiotic medications, decongestants, saline and steroid sprays, or sinus flushes. Drinking fluids, using a humidifier, and applying a warm, wet washcloth to the sinuses also help.

Both conditions can make your sinuses miserable, but knowing which one you’re dealing with makes treatment easier. Contact the medical team at Lake Grove ENT today to treat your sinus issues.